PASSIVE VOICE
Etken bir fiili (active),
edilgen (passive) bir fiile dönüştürebilmemiz için o fiilin geçişli
bir fiil (transitive) olması gerekir. Yani, open, dose, give, buy, invite, etc. gibi nesne alabilen bir fiil olması
gerekir. Happen, come, go, seem, cry gibi nesne
almayan fiiller (intransitive), passive yapılamaz.
Active : The school custodian opens the door every day.
Passive : The door is opened by the school custodian every day.
Passive : The door is opened by the school custodian every day.
Active : An accident happens at this crossroads nearly every
day.
(No passive, because there isn't an object.)
(No passive, because there isn't an object.)
1- FORMING THE PASSIVE
Active fiilin nesnesi, passive cümlede, özne durumuna geçer
ve cümlenin tense'ine uygun olarak be + past participle (fiilin üçüncü hali) kullanılır.
He is washing the car.
object
The car is being washed by him.
subject
She cooked
the dinner
object
The dinner was cooked by her.
subject
He makes
the sandwiches.
Object
The sandwiches are made by him. subject
ACTIVE
|
PASSIVE
|
|
Present Progressive
Simple
Present
Simple
Past
Past Progressive
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Simple
Future
be going to
Future Perfect
|
He is washing the car.
He washes the car.
He washed the car.
He was washing the car.
He has washed the car.
He had washed the car.
He will wash the car.
He is going to wash the car.
He will have washed the car.
|
The car is being washed by him.
The car is washed by
him.
The car was washed by him.
The car was being washed by him.
The car has been washed by
him.
The
car had been washed by him.
The car will be washed by him.
The car is going to be washed by
him.
The car will have been
washed by him.
|
NOTE:"am/is/are doing" ve "was/were
doing" dışındaki progressive tense'lerle (will
be doing, have been doing, had been doing, will have been doing) passive kullanımı çok
enderdir.